In the late 19th Century, the black musical became an entertainment center in New York, Harlem. Black musical shows such as “A trip to Cooperstown,” written by Bob Cole and Billy Johnson, focused on the skills and talent for black singers, the dancer energy, and overwhelming vocals power of a large chorus. In 1921, a black Broadway musical named Shuffle Along written by Bert Williams and George Walker became an instant blockbuster hit in American and in the black community.