The Late Work of Louis Armstrong
The late work of Louis Armstrong moved out of the big band tradition, transitioning into a smaller group of musicians. During this time, Louis Armstrong performed as a singer slightly more frequently than as a trumpeter. However, when he did play, his technical ability was just as advanced as his early work. His late style continued to incorporate common traits of African American music, such as call and response and syncopation.
The late work of Louis Armstrong was primarily contrived in the 1960s. In the United States, continued racially inequality led to resistance from the Black community in the form of the Civil Rights Movement. Prominent leaders such as Malcolm X, Huey Newton, and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. spread messages of Black equality. This influenced the music genres of the decade, as it saw the rise of Motown and the development of R&B. However, jazz played a significant role in the protest culture of the 60s, as artists such as Nina Simone challenged the status quo.
"Very few of the men whose names have become great in the early pioneering of jazz and of swing were trained in music at all. They were born musicians: they felt their music and played by ear and memory."
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